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Shizophrenia and the African American Community

Shizophrenia and the African American Community
Posted By: Will Saunders on September 26, 2008

Overview of Schizophrenia
Mental health matters are very prevalent in the African American community. But unfortunately many people do not get treated, mainly because their disorders are unknown. The percentage of African Americans who get mental health screenings is low. This is due in large part because in African American households, there is often a stigma associated with the receipt of psychological services. People of color are less likely to seek out mental health services, that’s according to a study published by the American Psychiatric Association. The study, “Measuring Trends in Mental Health Care Disparities” showed that African Americans received less care than whites.1 Mental health problems can have an adverse and long term effect on individuals and families. Many disorders cannot be cured, but with proper medication, they can be treated. On such disorder is schizophrenia. 2

What is schizophrenia and why is it important? Well, I’ll answer the second part of the question first. Schizophrenia is important because it has so many dimensions and it is widely misunderstood by many people. It is a chronic brain disorder that affects its victims’ ability to make the distinction between experiences that are real and those that are not real; they are unable to think logically and experience thoughts and behaviors that are abnormal.3 As indicated earlier, many people of color do not get diagnosed with schizophrenia. Another reasons in addition to the above, is because many people who abuse **** exhibit some of the same symptoms as those of schizophrenia. Often, people who actually have schizophrenia will not be diagnosed as such because their behaviors are mistaken for being high on ****.

I wanted to look at schizophrenia specifically because I find it to be fascinating. The thing that I find fascinating is that many people who suffer from this disorder were once very normal, ordinary, stable people with no indications they had the disorder or that it might be developing. Men and women seem to be affected differently by it. Men can have their first episode as late as in their 20s, while it can first affect women into their 30s. For men, the average age the disorder first appears is around the age of 14, 25 for women.4 Seldom does it first occur beyond the age of 45 or prior to puberty, though there are some rare cases in which persons in middle age and children as young as age 5 have been reported. 5.

Categories of Schizophrenia
So, how do we know when someone has schizophrenia? The only way to tell for certain is by a diagnosis by a licensed mental health professional; however there are a number of over symptoms to look for to help identify a potential problem in our friends or loved ones:

Hallucinations – to perceive something through one of the senses that is not apparent to anyone else. A man who sees airplanes flying over head or who hears loud voices or gunshots when no one around him sees or hears those things. Someone with schizophrenia can perceive anything from hearing, seeing, smelling, tasting, or feeling, or some combination of these things;

Delusions – to falsely believe something to be true. There is a story about a man who believes that he has a dinner date with Marilyn Monroe every Friday evening. Another example might be someone who thinks everyone is trying to sabotage them or their efforts toward success;

Thought Disorder – to be unable to logically think things in a meaningful way. Many people may have thoughts that are blocked, causing them to send garbled messages or stopping their speech mid-sentence not knowing what they were trying to say. A number of people create unintelligible words, a unique langue, sometimes referred to as a neologism; and

Disorders of Movement – to be clumsy and coordinated or exhibit involuntary movement of their body. They may sit motionless for hours or repeat the same movements over and over and over again.7

Treatment for Schizophrenia

So, now that we know what it is, what can be done about it? Well, there is a wide body of research that suggests very favorable treatment for schizophrenia patients. “A very large group of [suffers] has achieved remarkable recovery. They are people who, in spite of ongoing symptoms, have carved out a life…” for themselves.8 Unlike in years past, recovery rates are quite high.

What Next?

The future for people suffering from schizophrenia have vastly improved from what it was 50, 40, or even 30 years ago. Science has come a long way and people who have this disorder are leading fulfilling lives. If you have schizophrenia or if you have a friend or family member who does, contact the National Institute of Mental Health, Schizophrenia Research Program. They are located in Bethesda, Maryland. They can help you with information, as well as provide with some treatment. In some cases, you may even be eligible for travel assistance to the facility. For more information, visit the Web site: http://patientinfo.nimh.nih.gov or you may send an email to: Schizophrenia@intra.nimh.nih.gov or call 1-888-674-6464.

Endnotes:

1 Benjamin L. Cook, Ph.D., M.P.H., Thomas McGuire, Ph.D., and Jeanne Miranda,
Ph.D., “Measuring Trends in Mental Health Care Disparities,” Psychiatric Services,
December 2007.
2 Ibid.
3 National Institute of Mental Health, “Schizophrenia”, January 2007.
4 Ibid.
5 Patrick A. McGuire, “New Hope For People With Schizophrenia,” Monitor on
Psychology, February 2000.
6 National Institute of Mental Health, “Schizophrenia”, January 2007.
7 Ibid.
8 Patrick A. McGuire, “New Hope For People With Schizophrenia,” Monitor on
Psychology, February 2000.
9 Ibid.



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Jen Fad
Nurse at Healthcare
Thanks for the post Will, but sad to say I don't think you will ge many more responses that the one I am giving you right now.


Friday, September 26th 2008 at 2:57PM
Jen Fad
Nurse at Healthcare
I was thinking of the movie 'A Beautiful Mind' while reading your blog. How many in our community have beautiful minds, but due to mental illnesses aren't able to function in society to the degree that you and I know they could because they are walking around with undiagnosed and therefore untreated mental illnesses.

The use and abuse of drugs & alcohol further compound the problem in an desperate attempt to 'run away' from these demons. Hopefully one day the subject of mental illness will not always be a taboo subject in the black community
Friday, September 26th 2008 at 3:18PM
agnes levine
Part-Time Teacher at Baltimore County Public Schools
hey Will,

I am so sorry that I did not read this earlier, but it is never too late. I have been trying to catch up this week. This is a great post that is so easy to understand. Thank you for participating in Mental Illness Awareness Week!:)

I want to also tell you that I read the article you sent me about Assisted Suicide for the mentally ill. I have many thoughts about that beginning with IT should NEVER be done!!!!
Even with terminally ill patients, and I say this because so much living can be done despite an illness. I know all about the painful experience because my dad suffered with colon cancer. Yes, there were times he was in so much pain he wished for death. But he lived a good life until the end. The peace he found in God was the key to his transition. His life beyond his diagnosis followed the normal stages of anger, depression, and acceptance and reconciling with his God. I would hate to think that in his anger stage, his life was ended with the assistance of his doctor. He actually lived 18 months past his expectancy post diagnosis, too.

He used that time to bond and solidify his legacy in each of his children. He gardened and sat long days enjoying the sun and birds and flowers and loving his grandchildren.

What I have learned about depression spiritually, is that it is anger turned inwards. Meaning that the anger rips away at the soul and spirit. Assistance is needed from God to over-come that anger. When my dad recognized the source of his anger, he was able to work through it. The "Why me?" The anger associated with leaving life and the things he enjoyed. However, he transitioned believing that the new life awaiting him would be soooo much more fulfilling and peaceful....no sorrow, no more pain.

In my own diagnosis with Bipolar, I struggle with depression and especially in the early days. Honestly, I'm just getting over a bout with depression, too. Yes, I thought about suicide at times early on, too. I was not able to comprehend completely what death would mean, too. I just wanted relief from the black pain. I think...no, believe that a person with a terminal illness can get pass those stages. Then there are miracles, too. Nobody knows what God has in store for the future so I believe that doctors should focus on the relief of as much pain as possible and not death expedited as an option.

As a community, we have a long way to go with dealing with mental illnesses. Untreated mentall illnesses are really a slow, tortuous death! Being debilitated by a sick mind is cruel and when a person has lived with a mental illness and then finds treatment, they are the first to testify about how their quality of life has significantly improved. They are the first to contrast the dark days with the bright ones and work to live in brightness! I witnessed my own children's self-esteem climb when I fought to gain a quality of life rather than let the Bipolar defeat me. I learned so much about fighting for life from my dad's bout with cancer. My point is that there is a purpose in everything God allows and man should not attempt to alter that and we as a community must start believing the glass is half full.

Lastly, because I read the comment from my friend about not getting many responses, I have to ponder if I share my story despite stigmas for me to get a response from others or for others to learn something about mental illness that might make a difference in the life of them or their loved one? Prior to being diagnosed with bipolar, I never picked up anything about it and read it. I was raised like most black women about depression. "Keep it moving!" The slaves did it, great-grandma did it, mama did it, so you do it, and I showed my daughter to do it, too. "Just get through it.

Of course, my message is very different now. First God had to allow me to see that my writing had a purpose. Then He showed me my life in words had a purpose. That is my miracle and that is what somebody else will have, too. It only takes one person, as they say, for word to travel far. Word of mouth is what black people are expert at. We will share how great-grandma made oxtail stew, etc. Now we can share how grandma went to the doctor and he took that 'thing' from her just like that! It won't be a secret, though. We will all know that that thing was a mental illness and the doctor gave her medicine. She will talk to her family about how good she feels and we will learn from her experience. It's alright with me if folks don't respond because that is what black people do and how we do it, but we will talk about it in our circles.

It is our responsibility to make sure we are talking about mental illnesses and treatment for the mental illness. Then our future generation will know how we 'just got through it.' Smile.

Now the movie, "A Beautiful Mind" actually came out in my early days and I went to see it all by myself. It was sooooo inspiring to me because inside my head, the thoughts were there that I was capable of living a quality of life. I knew the education I had still existed. It was difficult for me to balance my moods and motor skills at that time still. That movie inspoired me to do what it takes to express myself the way I wanted too and not succomb to stigmas and diagnoses. People did not understand me and because of the diagnosis, I was dissed as just being crazy. I had to prove myself to even my family and closest friends. I decided to enroll in school and pursue my Masters Degree after I saw that movie. I don't know if that movie was a "hit" or not, but my point is this, we are each capable of reaching just one person to make a positive difference in his or her life. Thus, the saying, "Each one, teach one." Maybe that day I went into the movies all by myself (which was a major thing for me at that time because I was 'afraid' of people and I always traveled with my husband or children because I was scared of what I might do and be locked up or institutionalized again), I was the "one" person to change my life. Need I say more....

Agnes B. Levine
Author of: "Cooling Well Water: A Collection of Work By An African-American Bipolar Woman" ISBN 0975461206 Winter 2008 Release Pending
www.myspace.com/coolingwellwater (Subscribe Now)

Founder/President: Levine-Oliver Publisher, the Exclusive publishing home of Swaggie Coleman. Visit Swaggie's Voice© at: http://swaggiecoleman.blogspot.com and win prizes!

Friday, October 24th 2008 at 7:13PM
agnes levine
Part-Time Teacher at Baltimore County Public Schools
Thanks again Will for the great post and thank you Jen for responding. You are courageous and supportive in so many ways on so many topics.
Friday, October 24th 2008 at 7:15PM
Marta Fernandez
CUNY -Queens College class of 1985
Even in politics..Farrakhan said it 15 years ago , to be Black in America is to be psychotic..that's one view..the real is that "mental conditions" are multi-dimensional. Sometimes Agnes, one man's illness is another man's genius.
Friday, October 24th 2008 at 7:56PM
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